Carnegie Perspectives: A different way to think about … assessment of student learning
Here is an article written by Bill Cerbin. He was a Carnegie Scholar, participating in the Carnegie Academy for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in 1998 and 2003. He is professor of psychology and director of the Center for Advancing Teaching & Learning at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse where he also directs the College Lesson Study Project.
This article was published in “Carnegie Perspectives” last March. Cerbin addresses the issues of assessing student learning including lesson study and think alouds.
Lesson Study Handouts
Here are Myra Snell’s Lesson study handouts passed out to participants at January’s Kick-off.
Lesson Study Discussion Outline
LMC Puente/Math: Data and English: An undiscovered country
Announcement!
Lesson study accomplished (but we still have to survey the information gathered, so not completely accomplished but you get what I mean). Our lesson study was organized as a series of three classes with each class serving to build skills and synthesize ideas between the reading and statistical information in regards to social class.
Reflection 2
Day 3, the final day of our study, felt better than day 2. Let me qualify “felt better.” What I mean here is that day 2 seemed to go slowly primarily because students seemed stuck not only in deciphering difficult terminology in the article like “rhetorical fringe” but also because they then had to tie complex main ideas, quotes, and analysis of those quotes to reading data accurately and then being specific with their explanations of that data. Oh yeah, and I add that everything had to connect to the textual main idea and answer a unit question. (I shudder at the ambition of our project.) This is what I observed as helpful to students in terms of seeing and using data; Myra asked two essential questions when she explained how to read the information: who is being described and what is being measured? (The light bulbs that popped on were truly blinding.) I place emphasis on this observation because what Myra asked is what I ask when I teach reading: who is being described and what is taking place? Do you see any other implications? I am eager to hear what you think.
Let me tease out the connection further. By choosing common strategies that will work to connect math and English, students are becoming “literate” in multiple disciplines. I place quotations around this word because I think that literacy is more than the ability to read a novel, a poem, an essay. Literacy is the accumulation and understanding of knowledge, any field of knowledge (and that could mean cultural knowledge as well as skill based knowledge, like, oh yeah, I know who Plato is and of course I know the function of a Z chart, plus let me tell you about AB540 students). In previous conversations with students, the definition of literacy was brilliantly simple: the ability to read and understand what you read.
I end by saying that this lesson was not perfect. I think both Myra and I were putting our best feet forward–teaching-wise–possibly trying to0 much with the hopes of finding out as much as possible. I am at fault. I cooked up the concept while Myra invented exercises that would coincide with what I “cooked up.” The result was yummy, but maybe a little too rich. Before I close let me add what I found delicious: Myra’s “data sandwich.” Here is another common strategy that I use when I teach writing. Essentially, the formula is this: They say x. I say y. The X in this equation is what the author says, the quote. The Y is an analysis of that quote. (Am I using math concepts unknowingly? I’ll admit to enjoying addition and subtraction, maybe even algebra. I definitely like geometry.) The result is a “quotation sandwich.” Don’t groan. I know thousands upon thousands of English teachers use this strategy all the time. I only point out this connection because of what Myra was able to invent to dovetail with this skill: the “data sandwich.”
Questions to consider
Let me work my tired brain a bit more. Should our approach be to invent and connect skill-based strategies rather than thematic approaches for the developmental classes? We fully intend to collaborate on major assignments. However, I am wondering if we should wait until the students reach transfer-level English and math to launch fully integrated projects.
LMC/Puente/Math Lesson Study: Math is fun!
Plan: Co-teach a lesson that combines math and English concepts.
Myra Snell and I cooked up a project that would preview our math/English collaboration for next semester. We wanted to test our theories that math can be relevant /FUN and that math can inform themes of racial and class identity covered in my Puente cohort over two semesters or 1 year. I know! Seems very challenging and me not being a math-y person at all, felt nervous. Truth is I avoid teaching essays that involve any kind of percentages because I find that I am challenged to 1) understand the information myself (which means I am possibly teaching it incorrectly a.k.a. winging it) or 2) help students synthesize textual ideas with data (cold, hard data). This was an opportunity to select a more challenging essay written from an economist’s POV and sprinkled with all sorts of data. I won’t spend much time revisiting details, so I will just add, SEE LMC/PUENTE LESSON STUDY. Long story short, we tried it.
Day 1: Post class observations and follow up questions.
Realization number 1: Math is fun (I still remember what cross multiply means) and students found Myra’s “visualizations” (which I love) of Mantsios’s claims to have had an important impact of their understanding of class in terms of income and wealth. I got the pleasure of observing Myra lay out a clear way for students to create “pictures” to understand concepts like total national wealth versus total U.S. household wealth. In Mantsios’s essay, “Class in America–2003,” he writes that class is not well understood, never discussed, and surrounded by “myths.” He poses several interlocking questions two of which I supply here: Are class differences getting bigger or smaller, and how do these differences impact the way we live? Does everyone in America have an equal opportunity to succeed? Side note: At the beginning of this unit, Money and Success, students self identified as middle-class. They did not view themselves as under privileged and did not see their families as struggling to make ends meet. It would be interesting to insert conjecture regarding cognitive development, but oh well. Myra used columns, pennies, and even a football field to represent the complexities of the author’s argument. The numbers proved to students that wealth is not equally distributed in the United States and possibly that opportunity to advance along the class ladder in the U.S. is limited to a select few (an important moment of growth when discussing concepts like the American Dream). Day 1 of our lesson study presented our team with many more possibilities for math and English to intersect.
Question? These questions may seem to go outside of what we planned in our study, but at least two students talked about how the ideas of the current unit, specifically themes in The Grapes of Wrath, kept popping up in other classes. They seemed excited and empowered to be able to inform and even teach others about what they are learning in English. Does it make more sense to create packaged first-year experience that could include a cluster of classes working with similar themes? What would this mean for student efficacy?
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